Homeric epics are the masterpieces written by Homer and are the cornerstone of Western literature. The Iliad focuses on the war of Troy, while the Odyssey presents the adventures of Odysseus on his return to Ithaca after the war.
Both works highlight the majesty of ancient Greek heroes, the power of war and human virtues. Homer, with his style and excellent technique, creates a world full of passion, heroism and human weaknesses.
The stories of his legendary heroes, such as Achilles, Odysseus and Penelope, highlight the value of friendship, love, faith and humanity. The Homeric Epics remains a source of inspiration and subject of study, offering a unique look at ancient Greek society and the human spirit.
Iliad
Iliad describes the mythical war of Troy, one of the most famous events in ancient Greek mythology. The war begins when Paris of Troy kidnaps Helen, the wife of the king of Sparta, Menelaus. The Iliad focuses on just 51 days of of the war. The main heroes are Achilles, Agamemnon, Hector and Paris.
Among the most important points of the epic are:
- the kidnapping of Helen
- the organization of the army of the Achaes
- Achilles’ disagreement with Agamemnon
- the death of Patroclus
- the Priam’s plea
Odyssey
In the Odyssey we learn about the adventures of the resourceful Odysseus on his return to his homeland, Ithaca, after the Troy War. This epic highlights the human will, the endurance and nature of man. History is framed by myths, gods and human virtue, emphasizing the importance of perseverance and belief in returning home.
Among the main events are:
- the long course of Odysseus from Troy to Ithaca
- his adventures with the Cyclops, the witch-goddess Circe, the lotus-eaters, the Polypheus and the goddess Kalypso
- his return to Ithaca, where he faces the challenge of the suitors of Penelope
- his recognition by his son, Telemachus, and his revenge against the suitors
- his re-announcement with Penelope and the recapture of his throne in Ithaca
